PCPNDT Act 2003

Preconception and prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act 2003 (PCPNDT) prohibits sex selection before or after conception and the use of pre-natal diagnostic techniques to determine sex of fetus.It is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to stop female foeticides and arrest the declining sex ratio in India.

Sex can be Determined By:
1. Amniocentesis
2. Chorionic villous biopsy
3. Ultrasonography scan and imaging techniques

Objective: 

The main purpose of enacting the act is to ban the use of sex selection techniques after conception and prevent the misuse of prenatal diagnostic technique for sex selective abortion.

Features of PCPNDT Act:

  • Act prohibits sex selection before or after conception
  • Regulates the use of prenatal diagnostic techniques
  • Gynecologist or RMP have to conduct pre-natal diagnostic techniques at recognized place only.
  • Nursing home or RMP or hospital where ultrasonography is used have to display the board stating “hospital does not do sex determination test”.
  • Prenatal diagnostic techniques can be conducted for purpose of determination of chromosomal or genetic or congenital abnormalities.
  • Written consent of pregnant woman is must to undergo PC and PND technique.
  • No laboratory or centre or clinic will conduct any test including ultrasonography for the purpose of determining the sex of the foetus.
  • No person, including the one who is conducting the procedure as per the law, will communicate the sex of the foetus to the pregnant woman or her relatives by words, signs or any other method.
  • The Act mandates compulsory registration of all diagnostic laboratories, all genetic counselling centres, genetic laboratories, genetic clinics and ultrasound clinics.
  • Doctor contravening the provisions of Act shall be punished for 3 years’ imprisonment and fine of Rs. 10,000.
  • Any person seeking help for sex selection shall also be held guilty and a provision of punishment for 3 years and fine of Rs. 50,000 is made under the Act.
  • Doing sex determination test amounts to misconduct by Medical Council of India.
Pre-Requisite for Doing PCPNDT: 

PCPNDT should not be carried out unless any one or more conditions, mentioned below, are fulfilled:

1. History of two or more spontaneous abortion.
2. Age of pregnant female is above 35 years.
3. History of exposure to teratogenic drug, radiation or infections.
4. History of mental or physical deformities or genetic disease in family.

Indications:

PCPNDT is carried out only to detect:

1. Chromosomal abnormalities
2. Genetic or metabolic abnormalities
3. Hemoglobinopathies
4. Sex-linked genetic diseases
5. Congenital anomalies

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